Neonatal Adenovirus Infection Complicated by Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Syndrome

Pediatrics. 2018 Apr;141(Suppl 5):S475-S480. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-2061.

Abstract

Two infants with disseminated adenoviral infections are described. Both these infants had a similar clinical course and were also diagnosed with secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). Previous reports of immunocompromised adults with adenovirus-associated HLH are in the literature; however, this is the first report that we are aware of with this pathology occurring in infants. These cases are used to demonstrate the importance of thinking about HLH in patients who are diagnosed with adenovirus and exhibit prolonged fevers that are unresponsive to antimicrobial agents with hepatosplenomegaly and cytopenias.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adenoviridae Infections / complications*
  • Adenoviridae Infections / diagnosis
  • Adenoviridae Infections / drug therapy
  • Adenoviridae Infections / immunology
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cidofovir / therapeutic use
  • Dexamethasone / analogs & derivatives
  • Dexamethasone / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Glucocorticoids / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / complications*
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / diagnosis
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / drug therapy
  • Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / immunology
  • Methylprednisolone / therapeutic use
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / complications
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / drug therapy
  • Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / immunology

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Glucocorticoids
  • dexamethasone 21-phosphate
  • Dexamethasone
  • Cidofovir
  • Methylprednisolone