Transcranial magnetic motor evoked potentials and magnetic resonance imaging findings in paraplegic dogs with recovery of motor function

J Vet Intern Med. 2018 May;32(3):1116-1125. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15058. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Abstract

Background: Transcranial magnetic motor evoked potentials (TMMEP) are associated with severity of clinical signs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in dogs with spinal cord disease.

Hypothesis: That in initially paraplegic dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH), MRI findings before surgery and TMMEPs obtained after decompressive surgery are associated with long-term neurological status and correlate with each other.

Animals: Seventeen client-owned paraplegic dogs with acute thoracolumbar IVDH.

Methods: Prospective observational study. TMMEPs were obtained from pelvic limbs and MRI (3T) of the spinal cord was performed at initial clinical presentation. Follow-up studies were performed ≤ 2 days after reappearance of motor function and 3 months later. Ratios of compression length, intramedullary hyperintensities' length (T2-weighted hyperintensity length ratio [T2WLR]), and lesion extension (T2-weighted-lesion extension ratio) in relation to the length of the 2nd lumbar vertebral body were calculated.

Results: TMMEPs could be elicited in 10/17 (59%) dogs at 1st and in 16/17 (94%) dogs at 2nd follow-up. Comparison of TMMEPs of 1st and 2nd follow-up showed significantly increased amplitudes (median from 0.19 to 0.45 mV) and decreased latencies (from 69.38 to 40.26 ms; P = .01 and .001, respectively). At 2nd follow-up latencies were significantly associated with ambulatory status (P = .024). T2WLR obtained before surgery correlated with latencies at 2nd follow-up (P = .04).

Conclusions: TMMEP reflect motor function recovery after severe spinal cord injury.

Keywords: canine; magnetic resonance imaging; spinal cord injury; therapy monitoring; transcranial magnetic stimulation.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Dog Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Dog Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Dogs
  • Evoked Potentials, Motor / physiology*
  • Female
  • Intervertebral Disc Displacement / physiopathology
  • Intervertebral Disc Displacement / veterinary
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / veterinary
  • Male
  • Paraplegia / diagnostic imaging
  • Paraplegia / physiopathology
  • Paraplegia / veterinary*
  • Recovery of Function / physiology
  • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / methods
  • Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / veterinary*