Myocardial reperfusion for acute myocardial infarction under an optimized antithrombotic medication: What can you expect in daily practice?

Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2018 Oct-Nov;19(7 Pt B):820-825. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2018.02.015. Epub 2018 Feb 27.

Abstract

Aims: To assess both epicardiac macrovascular as well as microvascular and tissue reperfusion following different intravenous preadmission antithrombotic strategies prior primary PCI in STEMI patients.

Methods and results: Consecutive STEMI patients (n = 488) undergoing pPCI received prehospitally either bivalirudin (n = 179), bivalirudin and periprocedural GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) (n = 109), heparin (n = 99) or heparin and periprocedural GPI (n = 101). Epicardial perfusion and microvascular perfusion were assessed by angiography (TIMI flow rate and corrected TIMI frame count [cTFC]) and by ECG (ST resolution [STR]). TIMI 3 flow was restored at the end of the procedure in 85.2% of the cases; cTFC of ≤23 was obtained in 37.2% of cases and STR >70% in 42.5% of the cases. The rates of STR >70% and cTFC ≤23 were not different between the three groups. Multivariate analysis did not identify a predictive antithrombotic treatment to obtain either post-procedural TIMI 3 flow rate or a STR rate >70%. TIMI 3 flow before procedure and delay first symptoms-balloon <6 h represented a positive predictive value of STR rate >70% and the LAD as infarct related artery a negative predictive value of STR rate of >70%.

Conclusion: The process of myocardial reperfusion by pPCI continues to be improved with earlier reperfusion but an optimal tissular reperfusion was present in only half of the cases.

Keywords: Microcirculatory perfusion; Myocardial infarction; Percutaneous coronary intervention.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Intravenous
  • Aged
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage*
  • Anticoagulants / adverse effects
  • Coronary Circulation / drug effects*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Emergency Medical Services / methods*
  • Female
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / adverse effects
  • France
  • Heparin / administration & dosage*
  • Heparin / adverse effects
  • Hirudins / administration & dosage*
  • Hirudins / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microcirculation / drug effects*
  • Middle Aged
  • Peptide Fragments / administration & dosage*
  • Peptide Fragments / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Recombinant Proteins / administration & dosage
  • Recombinant Proteins / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / therapy*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Fibrinolytic Agents
  • Hirudins
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Heparin
  • bivalirudin