Macroeconomic costs of the unmet burden of surgical disease in Sierra Leone: a retrospective economic analysis

BMJ Open. 2018 Mar 14;8(3):e017824. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017824.

Abstract

Objectives: The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery estimated that low/middle-income countries will lose an estimated cumulative loss of US$12.3 trillion from gross domestic product (GDP) due to the unmet burden of surgical disease. However, no country-specific data currently exist. We aimed to estimate the costs to the Sierra Leone economy from death and disability which may have been averted by surgical care.

Design: We used estimates of total, met and unmet need from two main sources-a cluster randomised, cross-sectional, countrywide survey and a retrospective, nationwide study on surgery in Sierra Leone. We calculated estimated disability-adjusted life years from morbidity and mortality for the estimated unmet burden and modelled the likely economic impact using three different methods-gross national income per capita, lifetime earnings foregone and value of a statistical life.

Results: In 2012, estimated, discounted lifetime losses to the Sierra Leone economy from the unmet burden of surgical disease was between US$1.1 and US$3.8 billion, depending on the economic method used. These lifetime losses equate to between 23% and 100% of the annual GDP for Sierra Leone. 80% of economic losses were due to mortality. The incremental losses averted by scale up of surgical provision to the Lancet Commission target of 80% were calculated to be between US$360 million and US$2.9 billion.

Conclusion: There is a large economic loss from the unmet need for surgical care in Sierra Leone. There is an immediate need for massive investment to counteract ongoing economic losses.

Keywords: global surgery; low and middle income countries; macroeconomic impact; sierra leone; unmet need.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cost of Illness*
  • Developing Countries / economics
  • Gross Domestic Product / statistics & numerical data
  • Health Services Needs and Demand / economics*
  • Healthcare Disparities / economics*
  • Humans
  • Quality-Adjusted Life Years
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sierra Leone
  • Surgical Procedures, Operative / economics*
  • Surgical Procedures, Operative / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires