Incidence of Breakthrough Reaction in Patients with Prior Acute Allergic-Like Reactions to Iodinated Contrast Media according to the Administration Route

Korean J Radiol. 2018 Mar-Apr;19(2):352-357. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2018.19.2.352. Epub 2018 Feb 22.

Abstract

Objective: This study assessed the risk of acute allergic-like reactions (AARs) after extravascular administration of iodinated contrast media (ICM) in at-risk patients compared with that after intravascular ICM administration.

Materials and methods: From July 2012 to January 2016, 264 patients with a history of moderate or severe reactions to ICM, with re-exposure to ICM intravascularly or extravascularly were included. The incidence of recurrent AARs after ICM re-exposure were assessed according to the administration routes by reviewing electronic medical records and comparison between the two routes.

Results: Among 264 patients, 244 patients had been subsequently exposed to ICM intravascularly, 7 patients via an extravascular route and 13 patients with dual re-exposure. Of 257 patients with intravascular ICM re-exposure, 87 (33.9%) had mild to severe recurrent AARs and 143 (19.5%) cases of recurrent AARs occurred among 733 cases of intravascular ICM re-exposure on a case-by-case basis. However, there was no case of recurrent ARR after extravascular administration of ICM in 20 patients (45 cases) with ICM administrated extravascularly.

Conclusion: For high-risk patients with a history of moderate or severe reactions to ICM, AARs upon extravascular administration of ICM are significantly infrequent compared with intravascular ICM administration.

Keywords: Anaphylaxis; Premedication; Risk.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Disease
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Contrast Media / adverse effects*
  • Contrast Media / chemistry
  • Drug Administration Routes
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypersensitivity / epidemiology
  • Hypersensitivity / etiology*
  • Incidence
  • Iodine / chemistry
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Contrast Media
  • Iodine