Objectives: To determine the most commonly used resources (provider procedural skills, medications, laboratory studies and imaging) needed to care for patients.
Setting: A single emergency department (ED) of a district-level hospital in rural Uganda.
Participants: 26 710 patient visits.
Results: Procedures were performed for 65.6% of patients, predominantly intravenous cannulation, wound care, bladder catheterisation and orthopaedic procedures. Medications were administered to 87.6% of patients, most often pain medications, antibiotics, intravenous fluids, antimalarials, nutritional supplements and vaccinations. Laboratory testing was used for 85% of patients, predominantly malaria smears, rapid glucose testing, HIV assays, blood counts, urinalyses and blood type. Radiology testing was performed for 17.3% of patients, including X-rays, point-of-care ultrasound and formal ultrasound.
Conclusion: This study describes the skills and resources needed to care for a large prospective cohort of patients seen in a district hospital ED in rural sub-Saharan Africa. It demonstrates that the vast majority of patients were treated with a small formulary of critical medications and limited access to laboratories and imaging, but providers require a broad set of decision-making and procedural skills.
Keywords: acute care; medication formulary; point-of-care ultrasound; procedural skills; radiology services; sub-saharan africa.
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