Mapping of new HIV infections in Morocco and impact of select interventions

Int J Infect Dis. 2018 Mar:68:4-12. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.12.013. Epub 2017 Dec 15.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess HIV modes of exposure in Morocco at the national level and also for Souss-Massa-Drâa, the region most affected by HIV. Another aim was to assess the impact of different scenarios of select intervention packages.

Methods: The Modes of Transmission Model was adapted and used, and was parameterized using quality bio-behavioral surveillance data among key populations, routine data sources, and literature reviews.

Results: Nationally in 2013, the largest number of new infections occurred among clients of female sex workers (FSWs) (25%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 14-37%), followed by men who have sex with men (MSM) (22%; 95% CI 12-35%), HIV serodiscordant couples (22%; 95% CI 12-34%), FSWs (11%; 95% CI 6-18%), and people who inject drugs (5%; 95% CI 2-9%). A similar pattern of results was observed in Souss-Massa-Drâa, but the HIV incidence rate was four-fold that at the national level. Different scenarios of feasible intervention packages reduced HIV incidence by 8-44%.

Conclusions: Commercial heterosexual sex networks continue as the leading driver of the epidemic, with half of HIV incidence. A quarter of new infections occurred among MSM, a third of which in Souss-Massa-Drâa. Feasible expanded coverage of interventions could lead to large reductions in incidence.

Keywords: Interventions; Mathematical model; Middle East and North Africa; Modes of transmission; Morocco.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Condoms
  • Epidemics
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / epidemiology*
  • HIV Infections / transmission*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Morocco / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • Sentinel Surveillance
  • Sex Workers
  • Sexual Behavior
  • Sexual Partners
  • Young Adult