A novel multimodal computational system using near-infrared spectroscopy predicts the need for ECMO initiation in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

Stephanie M Cruz; Patricio E Lau; Craig G Rusin; Candace C Style; Darrell L Cass; Caraciolo J Fernandes; Timothy C Lee; Christopher J Rhee; Sundeep Keswani; Rodrigo Ruano; Stephen E Welty; Oluyinka O Olutoye

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.10.031

A novel multimodal computational system using near-infrared spectroscopy predicts the need for ECMO initiation in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

J Pediatr Surg. 2017 Oct 12:S0022-3468(17)30653-X. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.10.031. Online ahead of print.

Affiliations

¹ Texas Children's Fetal Center and the Michael E. DeBakey, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
² Department of Pediatrics-Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
³ Texas Children's Fetal Center and the Michael E. DeBakey, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
⁴ Department of Pediatrics-Newborn Section, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.
⁶ Texas Children's Fetal Center and the Michael E. DeBakey, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Electronic address: oolutoye@bcm.edu.

PMID: 29137806
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2017.10.031

Abstract

Background/purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a computational algorithm that would predict the need for ECMO in neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).

Methods: CDH patients from August 2010 to 2016 were enrolled in a study to continuously measure cerebral tissue oxygen saturation (cStO2) of left and right cerebral hemispheres. NIRS devices utilized were FORE-SIGHT, CASMED and INVOS 5100, Somanetics. Using MATLAB©, a data randomization function was used to deidentify and blindly group patient's data files as follows: 12 for the computational model development phase (6 ECMO and 6 non-ECMO) and the remaining patients for the validation phase.

Results: Of the 56 CDH patients enrolled, 22 (39%) required ECMO. During development of the algorithm, a difference between right and left hemispheric cerebral oxygenation via NIRS (ΔHCO) was noted in CDH patients that required ECMO. Using ROC analysis, a ΔHCO cutoff >10% was predictive of needing ECMO (AUC: 0.92; sensitivity: 85%; and specificity: 100%). The algorithm predicted need for ECMO within the first 12h of life and at least 6h prior to the clinical decision for ECMO with 88% sensitivity and 100% specificity.

Conclusion: This computational algorithm of cerebral NIRS predicts the need for ECMO in neonates with CDH.

Level of evidence: II.

Keywords: CDH; Cerebral oxygenation; ECMO; Near infrared spectroscopy.