Radiation Therapy for Early-Stage Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

Excerpt

Lung cancer, the most prevalent noncutaneous cancer globally, predominantly attributed to tobacco use, stands as a formidable global public health challenge, with non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) comprising the majority of cases. This malignancy presents multifaceted clinical characteristics, ranging from respiratory distress to neurological manifestations. Accurate diagnosis and staging are pivotal, involving an approach integrating clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and tissue biopsy. See StatPearls' companion reference, "Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer," for additional information on this disease.

Amidst the complexities of managing NSCLC, radiation therapy emerges as a well-tolerated alternative to surgical resection in medically inoperable patients. Given the historical challenges associated with radiation therapy, recent advancements in delivery modalities have sparked renewed interest, showcasing improved 3-year survival rates in early lung cancer. Utilizing techniques such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), radiation therapy showcases promising outcomes, although clinical equipoise with surgery remains to be established. Combination therapies and meticulous dose planning aim to optimize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing potential toxicities, marking a dynamic landscape in early NSCLC management.