Myocardial strain characteristics and outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Cardiol J. 2018;25(2):203-212. doi: 10.5603/CJ.a2017.0121. Epub 2017 Oct 24.

Abstract

Background: Objective of this study was to make an assessment of standard functional and defor-mation parameters (strain) in patients after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and the evaluation of their prognostic impact.

Methods: Patients undergoing TAVR received CMR on a 1.5 T whole-body scanner at 3 months after the procedure. Deformation parameters (strain, strain rate, velocity, displacement) were assessed in lon-gitudinal, circumferential and radial orientation using a feature tracking approach. Primary outcome measure was defined according to Valve Academic Research Consortium-2 (VARC-2) criteria.

Results: Eighty-three patients formed the study population. Deformation parameters were significantly reduced in all three orientations for strain (longitudinal: -12.1 ± 5.4% vs. -15.9 ± 1.96%, p < 0.0001; radial: 34.4 ± 15.3% vs. 47.2 ± 11.4%, p < 0.0001; circumferential: -16.8 ± 4.3% vs. -21.1 ± 2.5%, p < 0.0001) and strain rate (longitudinal: -0.79 ± 0.33%/s vs. -0.91 ± 0.23%/s, p = 0.043; radial: 2.5 ± 1.2%/s vs. 2.9 ± 0.9%, p = 0.067; circumferential: -1.1 ± 0.6%/s vs. -1.3 ± 0.3%/s, p = 0.006) in comparison to a healthy control population. Median follow-up was 614 days. During this period, 13 endpoints occurred (cumulative event rate of 10.7%). Patients with event by trend exhibited poorer strain and strain rate in longitudinal and radial orientation without reaching statistical significance (longitudinal strain: -11.2 ± 5.4% vs. -12.3 ± 5.4%, p = 0.52; longitudinal strain rate: -0.73 ± ± 0.23%/s vs. 0.80 ± 0.35%/s, p = 0.53; radial strain: 29.5 ± 19.6% vs. 35.2 ± 14.5%, p = 0.24; radial strain rate: 2.2 ± 1.6%/s vs. 2.6 ± 1.2%/s, p = 0.31).

Conclusions: Assessment of left ventricular deformation parameters by CMR revealed functional abnormalities in comparison to healthy controls. Prognostic significance remains to be further investi-gated.

Keywords: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; cardiac mechanics; outcomes and prognosis; severe aortic stenosis; strain imaging; transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve / surgery*
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnosis
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Heart Ventricles / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Ventricles / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / methods*
  • Male
  • Myocardial Contraction / physiology*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / methods*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left / physiology*
  • Ventricular Remodeling