Detection of mycobacterial infection in non-human primates using the Xpert MTB/RIF molecular assay

Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2017 Dec:107:59-62. doi: 10.1016/j.tube.2017.08.003. Epub 2017 Aug 10.

Abstract

Tuberculosis is a major public health concern, and diagnostic strategies applied to animal populations are scarce. As part of ongoing efforts to control tuberculosis dissemination at our animal facility, two non-human primates (NHP, Saimiri sciureus) presenting cutaneous lesions were examined for mycobacterial infection. Both animals tested positive for acid-fast bacilli and Mycobacterium tuberculosis using a molecular assay (IS6110 PCR). Animals were euthanized and several samples were tested for M. tuberculosis using the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Many samples were positive for M. tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance, and some produced mycobacterial growth. Oral swabs from cage mates were then tested with Xpert MTB/RIF, and the majority tested positive for M. tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance, and produced growth in culture. To our knowledge, this is the first report of multidrug-resistant mycobacterial infection in NHP. Additionally, our data shows that the Xpert MTB/RIF assay can be useful as a screening tool for tuberculosis infection in NHP.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Resistance; Tuberculosis; Zoonosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antitubercular Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacteriological Techniques / veterinary*
  • DNA, Bacterial / genetics*
  • DNA, Bacterial / isolation & purification
  • Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / genetics
  • Genotype
  • Monkey Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Monkey Diseases / drug therapy
  • Monkey Diseases / microbiology
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / drug effects
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / genetics*
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / isolation & purification
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction / veterinary*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Rifampin / pharmacology
  • Saimiri / microbiology*
  • Tuberculosis, Cutaneous / diagnosis
  • Tuberculosis, Cutaneous / drug therapy
  • Tuberculosis, Cutaneous / microbiology
  • Tuberculosis, Cutaneous / veterinary*
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / diagnosis
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / drug therapy
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / microbiology
  • Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / veterinary*

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • DNA, Bacterial
  • Rifampin