Bambusa emeiensis is one of the preponderant species of sympodial bamboos in Sichuan province of China, and has excellent fiber length and quality as raw materials for papermaking, textile and other industries. In this study, with the application of Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 platform, we analyzed transcriptome in B. emeiensis with different heights of 10, 50, 100 and 150 cm. A total of 69.28 M reads were obtained, and a sum up of 111 137 bands of Unigenes were acquired following de novo stitching, assembly and clustering, among which there were 63 094 bands that had been integrated in the COG, GO, KEGG, Swiss-Prot and Nr databases using annotated methods. These Unigenes not only had general functions, such as transcription and signal transduction, but were also involved in sucrose transport and metabolism, secondary metabolites and cell wall biosynthesis. There was significant difference regarding the expression of cellulose synthase gene in B. emeiensis at different heights, relevant genes were found that might be responsible for the regulation of the growth and development of B. emeiensis as well as the biosynthesis of cellulose and lignin. Our findings could provide some elementary theories for breed improvement of B. emeiensis.
慈竹是我国四川当地的优势丛生竹种之一，其纤维长度和质量较优异，是造纸、纺织等工业的良好原料。本文利用Illumina HiSeq™ 2000 平台，对10、50、100 和150 cm 高的慈竹笋进行转录组分析，共得到69.28 M 条读长 (Reads)，经从头拼接、组装和聚类后得到111 137 条非重复序列基因Unigene，其中共有63 094条注释到COG、GO、KEGG、Swiss-Prot 和Nr 数据库中。这些Unigene 不仅具有一般的功能，如转录和信号转导等，还涉及到蔗糖转运与代谢、次级代谢产物及细胞壁的生物合成等方面。不同高度慈竹笋的纤维素合成酶基因存在差异表达，发现了可能调控慈竹生长发育以及纤维素和木质素生物合成的相关基因，为慈竹品种改良提供一定的理论基础。.
Keywords: Bambusa emeiensis; function annotation; high-throughput sequencing; transcriptome.