Evaluation of the selectivity and sensitivity of isoform- and mutation-specific RAS antibodies

Sci Signal. 2017 Sep 26;10(498):eaao3332. doi: 10.1126/scisignal.aao3332.

Abstract

There is intense interest in developing therapeutic strategies for RAS proteins, the most frequently mutated oncoprotein family in cancer. Development of effective anti-RAS therapies will be aided by the greater appreciation of RAS isoform-specific differences in signaling events that support neoplastic cell growth. However, critical issues that require resolution to facilitate the success of these efforts remain. In particular, the use of well-validated anti-RAS antibodies is essential for accurate interpretation of experimental data. We evaluated 22 commercially available anti-RAS antibodies with a set of distinct reagents and cell lines for their specificity and selectivity in recognizing the intended RAS isoforms and mutants. Reliability varied substantially. For example, we found that some pan- or isoform-selective anti-RAS antibodies did not adequately recognize their intended target or showed greater selectivity for another; some were valid for detecting G12D and G12V mutant RAS proteins in Western blotting, but none were valid for immunofluorescence or immunohistochemical analyses; and some antibodies recognized nonspecific bands in lysates from "Rasless" cells expressing the oncoprotein BRAFV600E Using our validated antibodies, we identified RAS isoform-specific siRNAs and shRNAs. Our results may help to ensure the accurate interpretation of future RAS studies.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / analysis
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / immunology*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Fibroblasts
  • Humans
  • Hybridomas
  • Mice
  • Mutation*
  • Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Oncogene Proteins / immunology*
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / immunology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / metabolism
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • ras Proteins / genetics
  • ras Proteins / immunology*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
  • Oncogene Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • ras Proteins