Potential therapeutic targets in Nrf2-dependent protection against neonatal respiratory distress disease predicted by cDNA microarray analysis and bioinformatics tools

Curr Opin Toxicol. 2016 Dec:1:125-133. doi: 10.1016/j.cotox.2016.10.006. Epub 2016 Oct 29.

Abstract

Hyperoxia exposure of newborn rodents has served as a model for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) phenotypes found in a sub-population of human premature infants. We previously demonstrated that Nrf2 modulates molecular events during saccular-to-alveolar lung maturation and also has a protective role in the pathogenesis of hyperoxia-induced acute lung injury, mortality, arrest of saccular-to-alveolar transition, and lung injury, using Nrf2-deficient and wild-type neonate mice. In this review, we describe how whole-genome transcriptome analyses can identify the means through which Nrf2 transcriptionally modulates organ injury and morphology, cellular growth/proliferation, vasculature development, and immune response during BPD-like pathogenesis. We illustrate how recently developed bioinformatics tools can be used to identify sets of Nrf2-dependently modulated genes in the BPD model, and elucidate direct Nrf2 downstream targets and chemicals/drugs that may act on them. These approaches will provide significant insights into promising therapeutic agents for Nrf2-dependent treatments of complications of preterm birth like BPD.

Keywords: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia; LINCS1000CDS2 search engine; acute lung injury; antioxidant; canonical; inflammation; mRNA expression; pathway analysis; prematurity.