Crystal structures of trimeric HIV envelope with entry inhibitors BMS-378806 and BMS-626529

Nat Chem Biol. 2017 Oct;13(10):1115-1122. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.2460. Epub 2017 Aug 21.

Abstract

The HIV-1 envelope (Env) spike is a conformational machine that transitions between prefusion (closed, CD4- and CCR5-bound) and postfusion states to facilitate HIV-1 entry into cells. Although the prefusion closed conformation is a potential target for inhibition, development of small-molecule leads has been stymied by difficulties in obtaining structural information. Here, we report crystal structures at 3.8-Å resolution of an HIV-1-Env trimer with BMS-378806 and a derivative BMS-626529 for which a prodrug version is currently in Phase III clinical trials. Both lead candidates recognized an induced binding pocket that was mostly excluded from solvent and comprised of Env elements from a conserved helix and the β20-21 hairpin. In both structures, the β20-21 region assumed a conformation distinct from prefusion-closed and CD4-bound states. Together with biophysical and antigenicity characterizations, the structures illuminate the allosteric and competitive mechanisms by which these small-molecule leads inhibit CD4-induced structural changes in Env.

MeSH terms

  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / chemistry*
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / chemistry*
  • Models, Molecular
  • Piperazines / chemistry*
  • Piperazines / pharmacology
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Triazoles / chemistry*
  • Triazoles / pharmacology
  • Virus Internalization / drug effects*

Substances

  • BMS-378806
  • BMS-626529
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp120
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41
  • Piperazines
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Triazoles