Gaze-Based Assessments of Vigilance and Avoidance in Social Anxiety: a Review

Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2017 Sep;19(9):59. doi: 10.1007/s11920-017-0808-4.

Abstract

Purpose of review: A broad base of research has sought to identify the biases in selective attention which characterize social anxiety, with the emergent use of eye tracking-based methods. This article seeks to provide a review of eye tracking studies examining selective attention biases in social anxiety.

Recent findings: Across a number of contexts, social anxiety may be associated with a mix of both vigilant and avoidant patterns of attention with respect to the processing of emotional social stimuli. Socially anxious individuals may additionally avoid maintaining eye contact and may exhibit a generalized vigilance via hyperscanning of their environment. The findings highlight the utility of eye tracking methods for increasing understanding of the gaze-based biases which characterize social anxiety disorder, with promising avenues for future research.

Keywords: Attentional bias; Avoidance; Eye contact; Eye tracking; Social anxiety; Vigilance.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Attention*
  • Avoidance Learning*
  • Eye Movement Measurements*
  • Facial Expression
  • Fixation, Ocular*
  • Humans
  • Models, Psychological
  • Phobia, Social / diagnosis
  • Phobia, Social / psychology*
  • Psychological Theory
  • Reaction Time
  • Visual Perception