Preemptive Ethanol Lock Therapy in Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Patients With Catheter-Associated Bloodstream Infection: Impact on Length of Stay, Cost, and Catheter Salvage

Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2018 Mar;57(3):285-293. doi: 10.1177/0009922817717327. Epub 2017 Jun 30.

Abstract

Background: Ethanol lock therapy (ELT) with systemic antimicrobial therapy is a promising therapy for catheter-related infection (CRI). The impact of ELT timing on treatment efficacy and costs is unknown.

Procedures: A prospective study was conducted in the Hematology/Oncology Unit at the Children's Hospital of Michigan. Patients with suspected CRI were randomized to Preemptive ELT arm or Rescue ELT arm after positive culture.

Results: Five cases in Preemptive arm and 9 in Rescue arm had a confirmed CRI. All cases cleared infection with line salvage with no adverse events due to ELT or recurrence within 14 days. Our data showed a trend toward 36% reduction in average hospital costs and 40% reduction in average length of stay in Preemptive arm over Rescue arm.

Conclusion: Although a small study, our data on preemptive ELT with systemic antimicrobial therapy suggest a potentially important treatment strategy in reducing length of stay as well as hospital costs.

Keywords: catheter infection; central catheter; central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI); central venous catheter infection; ethanol locks; pediatrics.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local / administration & dosage*
  • Bacteremia / drug therapy*
  • Bacteremia / prevention & control
  • Catheter-Related Infections / drug therapy*
  • Catheter-Related Infections / prevention & control
  • Catheters, Indwelling / adverse effects
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cost Savings*
  • Ethanol / administration & dosage*
  • Female
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Hospital Costs
  • Hospitals, Pediatric
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay / economics
  • Male
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Primary Prevention / methods
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Statistics, Nonparametric

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local
  • Ethanol