Isolation and molecular characterization of Thraustochytrium strain isolated from Antarctic Peninsula and its biotechnological potential in the production of fatty acids

Braz J Microbiol. 2017 Oct-Dec;48(4):671-679. doi: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.01.011. Epub 2017 Jun 10.

Abstract

Thraustochytrids are unicellular protists belonging to the Labyrinthulomycetes class, which are characterized by the presence of a high lipid content that could replace conventional fatty acids. They show a wide geographic distribution, however their diversity in the Antarctic Region is rather scarce. The analysis based on the complete sequence of 18S rRNA gene showed that strain 34-2 belongs to the species Thraustochytrium kinnei, with 99% identity. The total lipid profile shows a wide range of saturated fatty acids with abundance of palmitic acid (16:0), showing a range of 16.1-19.7%. On the other hand, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid are present in a range of 24-48% and 6.1-9.3%, respectively. All factors analyzed in cells (biomass, carbon consumption and lipid content) changed with variations of culture temperature (10°C and 25°C). The growth in glucose at a temperature of 10°C presented the most favorable conditions to produce omega-3fatty acid. This research provides the identification and characterization of a Thraustochytrids strain, with a total lipid content that presents potential applications in the production of nutritional supplements and as well biofuels.

Keywords: Antarctic; Docosahexaenoic acid; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Temperature; Thraustochytrids.

MeSH terms

  • Antarctic Regions
  • Biotechnology
  • Fatty Acids / chemistry
  • Fatty Acids / metabolism*
  • Phylogeny
  • Seawater / microbiology*
  • Stramenopiles / classification
  • Stramenopiles / genetics
  • Stramenopiles / isolation & purification
  • Stramenopiles / metabolism*

Substances

  • Fatty Acids