CT-based radiomics signature for differentiating Borrmann type IV gastric cancer from primary gastric lymphoma

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the value of CT-based radiomics signature for differentiating Borrmann type IV gastric cancer (GC) from primary gastric lymphoma (PGL).

Materials and methods: 40 patients with Borrmann type IV GC and 30 patients with PGL were retrospectively recruited. 485 radiomics features were extracted and selected from the portal venous CT images to build a radiomics signature. Subjective CT findings, including gastric wall peristalsis, perigastric fat infiltration, lymphadenopathy below the renal hila and enhancement pattern, were assessed to construct a subjective findings model. The radiomics signature, subjective CT findings, age and gender were integrated into a combined model by multivariate analysis. The diagnostic performance of these three models was assessed with receiver operating characteristics curves (ROC) and were compared using DeLong test.

Results: The subjective findings model, the radiomics signature and the combined model showed a diagnostic accuracy of 81.43% (AUC [area under the curve], 0.806; 95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.696-0.917; sensitivity, 63.33%; specificity, 95.00%), 84.29% (AUC, 0.886 [95% CI: 0.809-0.963]; sensitivity, 86.67%; specificity, 82.50%), 87.14% (AUC, 0.903 [95%CI: 0.831-0.975]; sensitivity, 70.00%; specificity, 100%), respectively. There were no significant differences in AUC among these three models (P=0.051-0.422).

Conclusion: Radiomics analysis has the potential to accurately differentiate Borrmann type IV GC from PGL.

Keywords: Borrmann type IV gastric cancer; Computed tomography; Primary gastric lymphoma; Radiomics signature; Subjective CT findings.