Cell and Tissue Scale Forces Coregulate Fgfr2-Dependent Tetrads and Rosettes in the Mouse Embryo

Abstract

What motivates animal cells to intercalate is a longstanding question that is fundamental to morphogenesis. A basic mode of cell rearrangement involves dynamic multicellular structures called tetrads and rosettes. The contribution of cell-intrinsic and tissue-scale forces to the formation and resolution of these structures remains unclear, especially in vertebrates. Here, we show that Fgfr2 regulates both the formation and resolution of tetrads and rosettes in the mouse embryo, possibly in part by spatially restricting atypical protein kinase C, a negative regulator of non-muscle myosin IIB. We employ micropipette aspiration to show that anisotropic tension is sufficient to rescue the resolution, but not the formation, of tetrads and rosettes in Fgfr2 mutant limb-bud ectoderm. The findings underscore the importance of cell contractility and tissue stress to multicellular vertex formation and resolution, respectively.