DT-diaphorase Protects Against Autophagy Induced by Aminochrome-Dependent Alpha-Synuclein Oligomers

Neurotox Res. 2017 Oct;32(3):362-367. doi: 10.1007/s12640-017-9747-4. Epub 2017 May 6.

Abstract

Alpha-synuclein (SNCA) oligomers have been reported to inhibit autophagy. Aminochrome-induced SNCA oligomers are neurotoxic, but the flavoenzyme DT-diaphorase prevents both their formation and their neurotoxicity. However, the possible protective role of DT-diaphorase against autophagy impairment by aminochrome-induced SNCA oligomers remains unclear. To test this idea, we used the cell line RCSN-3NQ7SNCA, with constitutive expression of a siRNA against DT-diaphorase and overexpression SNCA, and RCSN-3 as control cells. A significant increase in LC3-II expression was observed in RCSN-3 cells treated with 20 μM aminochrome and 10 μM rapamycin followed by a decrease in cell death compared to RCSN-3 cells incubated with 20 μM aminochrome alone. The incubation of RCSN-3NQ7SNCA cells with 20 μM aminochrome and 10 μM rapamycin does not change the expression of LC3-II in comparison with RCSN-3NQ7SNCA cells incubated with 20 μM aminochrome alone. The incubation of both cell lines preincubated with 100 nM bafilomycin and 20 μM aminochrome increases the level of LC3-II. Under the same conditions, cell death increases in both cell lines in comparison with cells incubated with 20 μM aminochrome. These results support the protective role of DT-diaphorase against SNCA oligomers-induced autophagy inhibition.

Keywords: Alpha-synuclein; Aminochrome; Autophagy; Dopamine; Mitochondria; Neurodegeneration.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Autophagy / drug effects
  • Autophagy / physiology*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / physiology
  • Gene Expression / drug effects
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Indolequinones / toxicity*
  • Macrolides / toxicity
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / genetics
  • NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / metabolism*
  • Nerve Degeneration / chemically induced*
  • Nerve Degeneration / enzymology
  • Neuroprotection / drug effects
  • Neuroprotection / physiology*
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • Rats
  • Sirolimus / toxicity
  • alpha-Synuclein / genetics
  • alpha-Synuclein / metabolism*

Substances

  • Indolequinones
  • LC3 protein, rat
  • Macrolides
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • RNA, Small Interfering
  • alpha-Synuclein
  • aminochrome 1
  • bafilomycin A1
  • NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)
  • Sirolimus