Microbiome and colorectal cancer: Unraveling host-microbiota interactions in colitis-associated colorectal cancer development

Semin Immunol. 2017 Aug:32:3-13. doi: 10.1016/j.smim.2017.04.003. Epub 2017 May 2.

Abstract

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota occurs in many human chronic immune-mediated diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC). Reciprocally, uncontrolled immune responses, that may or may not be induced by dysbiosis, are central to the development of IBD and CAC. There has been a surge of interest in investigating the relationship between microbiota, inflammation and CAC. In this review, we discuss recent findings related to gut microbiota and chronic immune-mediated diseases, such as IBD and CAC. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of chronic inflammation in CAC are examined. Finally, we discuss the development of novel microbiota-based therapeutics for IBD and colorectal cancer.

Keywords: Colon cancer; Inflammation; Microbiota.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biological Therapy
  • Colitis / complications
  • Colitis / microbiology*
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / complications
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / immunology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / microbiology*
  • Dysbiosis
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome / immunology*
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions
  • Humans
  • Inflammation
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / complications
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / immunology
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / microbiology*
  • Microbiota / immunology*

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