Peripheral huntingtin silencing does not ameliorate central signs of disease in the B6.HttQ111/+ mouse model of Huntington's disease

PLoS One. 2017 Apr 28;12(4):e0175968. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175968. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease whose predominant neuropathological signature is the selective loss of medium spiny neurons in the striatum. Despite this selective neuropathology, the mutant protein (huntingtin) is found in virtually every cell so far studied, and, consequently, phenotypes are observed in a wide range of organ systems both inside and outside the central nervous system. We, and others, have suggested that peripheral dysfunction could contribute to the rate of progression of striatal phenotypes of HD. To test this hypothesis, we lowered levels of huntingtin by treating mice with antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) targeting the murine Huntingtin gene. To study the relationship between peripheral huntingtin levels and striatal HD phenotypes, we utilized a knock-in model of the human HD mutation (the B6.HttQ111/+ mouse). We treated mice with ASOs from 2-10 months of age, a time period over which significant HD-relevant signs progressively develop in the brains of HttQ111/+ mice. Peripheral treatment with ASOs led to persistent reduction of huntingtin protein in peripheral organs, including liver (64% knockdown), brown adipose (66% knockdown), and white adipose tissues (71% knockdown). This reduction was not associated with alterations in the severity of HD-relevant signs in the striatum of HttQ111/+ mice at the end of the study, including transcriptional dysregulation, the accumulation of neuronal intranuclear inclusions, and behavioral changes such as subtle hypoactivity and reduced exploratory drive. These results suggest that the amount of peripheral reduction achieved in the current study does not significantly impact the progression of HD-relevant signs in the central nervous system.

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue, Brown / metabolism
  • Adipose Tissue, White / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Behavior, Animal
  • Brain / metabolism*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Disease Progression
  • Gene Silencing*
  • Huntingtin Protein / deficiency*
  • Huntingtin Protein / genetics*
  • Huntington Disease / genetics*
  • Huntington Disease / metabolism
  • Huntington Disease / pathology
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Phenotype

Substances

  • Huntingtin Protein

Grants and funding

This work was supported by a research contract with the CHDI Foundation (http://chdifoundation.org/) under record identification number A-8339 and the Huntington Society of Canada New Pathways Program. The CHDI Foundation provided input on study design and support in the form of salaries for authors J.B.C., R.M.B., S.R.C., and J.P.C. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section. The CHDI Foundation did not have any additional role in data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The Huntington Society of Canada did not have any role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Ionis Pharmaceuticals employees (H.B.K., C.F.B.) provided all ASOs used in this study and played a role in the decision to publish and revision of the manuscript, as described in the ‘author contributions’. Ionis Pharmaceuticals did not have any additional role in the study design or data collection and analysis.