Relatively Small Quantities of CO2, Ammonium Bicarbonate, and a Blend of (E)-2-Hexenal Plus (E)-2-Octenal Attract Bed Bugs (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)

J Med Entomol. 2017 Mar 1;54(2):362-367. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjw189.

Abstract

Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius L., feed on humans, have increased exponentially in the past two decades in many major cities throughout the world, have caused intense infestations, and have become a significant health concern. Improved traps are needed to detect early infestations, to assess control programs, and for control of bed bugs. Carbon dioxide released alone or simultaneously with other attractants into three types of traps at the relatively low rate of 1 ml/min caught significantly more bed bugs than untreated controls in a 183- by 183-cm arena. This finding may enable CO2 to be used more economically in traps. Three percent ammonium bicarbonate released at a rate of ≤0.03 ml/h also caught significantly more bed bugs than untreated controls. A blend of (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-octenal at concentrations of 0.025% or 0.1% each and released at 0.02 ml/h attracted significantly more bed bugs than untreated controls. These findings ought to improve detection of bed bugs.

Keywords: CO2; Cimex lectularius; ammonium bicarbonate; attractant; bed bug.

Publication types

  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Aldehydes / pharmacology*
  • Animals
  • Bedbugs / drug effects*
  • Bedbugs / physiology
  • Bicarbonates / pharmacology*
  • Carbon Dioxide / pharmacology*
  • Insect Control / instrumentation
  • Insect Control / methods*

Substances

  • Aldehydes
  • Bicarbonates
  • Carbon Dioxide
  • 2-octenal
  • ammonium bicarbonate
  • 2-hexenal