Preclinical Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Tissue Distribution, and Interspecies Scaling of Recombinant Human Coagulation Factor XaI16L

J Pharm Sci. 2017 Aug;106(8):2136-2143. doi: 10.1016/j.xphs.2017.03.035. Epub 2017 Apr 5.

Abstract

FXaI16L is a recombinant human FXa variant which is currently being evaluated in the clinic for treating intracerebral hemorrhage. The aim of our studies is to investigate overall pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and distribution of FXaI16L in preclinical species, and to understand its potential implication in human. Pharmacokinetics of FXaI16L was examined using active site probes and the results showed that FXaI16L displayed fast clearance, low volume of distribution, and a very short plasma resident time in mice, rats, and monkeys. When pharmacodynamics was examined in monkeys, concentration effects of FXaI16L on shortening of active partial prothrombin time and formation of thrombin-antithrombin complex were observed. Furthermore, biodistribution study was conducted in mice using radiolabeled FXaI16L, and showed that 125I-FXaI16L has high plasma protein binding and significant liver and kidney distribution. Human pharmacokinetic prediction for first-in-human dosing was evaluated using allometric scaling, liver blood flow, and a fixed coefficient method, and single species allometric scaling using monkey data was most predictive for human pharmacokinetics of FXaI16L.

Keywords: FXa(I16L); coagulation factor Xa; interspecies scaling; metabolism; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; tissue distribution.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Blood Coagulation / drug effects
  • Blood Proteins / metabolism
  • Factor Xa / metabolism
  • Factor Xa / pharmacokinetics*
  • Factor Xa / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Macaca fascicularis
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Models, Biological
  • Protein Binding
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Recombinant Proteins / metabolism
  • Recombinant Proteins / pharmacokinetics
  • Recombinant Proteins / pharmacology
  • Tissue Distribution

Substances

  • Blood Proteins
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • Factor Xa