The deacetylase Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is a member of the Sirtuins mainly located in the mitochondrial matrix, and as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylase, it can regulate cellular energy metabolism and oxidative stress-related pathways. The liver is the largest solid organ in the human body and plays a very important role in substance metabolism. Based on the features of SIRT3, it is closely associated with the development and progression of certain liver diseases. This article reviews the research advances in the role of SIRT3 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, liver cancer, and hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.