Nanostructured fluorine-doped α-Fe2O3 nanorods were synthesized based on a one-step low temperature hydrothermal method. The XPS results verified that fluorine has been successfully incorporated into the hematite lattice. The delivered lithium capacity was effectively improved owing to the fluorine doping comparing with the pristine α-Fe2O3. The increase in electrochemical capacity of fluorine-doped α-Fe2O3 was then studied from the pointviews of nanostructure, electronic properties, and magnetic characteristics.