Statin therapy and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction in HIV-infected individuals after acute coronary syndrome: Results from the PACS-HIV lipids substudy

Am Heart J. 2017 Jan:183:91-101. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2016.10.013. Epub 2016 Oct 21.

Abstract

Knowledge about lipid interventions in secondary prevention in HIV-infected individuals is limited; studies are sparse.

Methods: A prospective observational multicenter study enrolled 282 patients on statin 1 month after first acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (95 HIV-infected individuals, 187 HIV-uninfected). Data on fasting lipids (total cholesterol [TC], low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C], non-HDL-C, triglycerides, TC/HDL-C ratio) were collected over 3 years. The evolution of lipid concentrations was analyzed using mixed-effects models. Achievement of National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III lipid goals and prescribed statin intensity was assessed.

Results: Mean age of patients was 49.0 years, and 94% were men. Baseline lipids were similar in the 2 groups. Six months after first ACS, less low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction was observed in the HIV-infected GROUP (adjusted mean change -10.13; 95% CI -20.63 to 0.37; P=.06) than in the HIV-uninfected group (Adjusted mean change -38.51; 95% CI -46.00 to -31.04; P<.0001) Similar trends were observed for TC and non-HDL-C. After ACS, initial statin prescription for HIV-infected compared with HIV-uninfected individuals was more frequently a moderate-intensity statin (66% vs 45%) and less frequently a high-intensity statin (15% vs 45%). Over 3 years of follow-up, the proportion of HIV-infected patients receiving high-intensity statin remained persistently lower than the proportion observed in the HIV-uninfected group.

Conclusions: In this observational study, HIV-infected individuals after first ACS exhibited worse lipid profiles than controls particularly during the first 6 months while receiving less potent statins. Appropriate statin intensity should be prescribed in HIV-infected individuals with awareness of potential drug-drug interactions.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / blood
  • Acute Coronary Syndrome / drug therapy*
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood*
  • Female
  • HIV Infections / blood
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Lipids / blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies

Substances

  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Lipids