Benefit of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Yun Xu; Qiaojuan Guo; Jin Lin; Bijuan Chen; Jiangmei Wen; Tianzhu Lu; Yuanji Xu; Mingwei Zhang; Jianji Pan; Shaojun Lin

doi:10.2147/OTT.S117676

Benefit of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in patients undergoing definitive chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Onco Targets Ther. 2016 Nov 4:9:6835-6841. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S117676. eCollection 2016.

Authors

Yun Xu¹, Qiaojuan Guo¹, Jin Lin¹, Bijuan Chen¹, Jiangmei Wen¹, Tianzhu Lu¹, Yuanji Xu¹, Mingwei Zhang¹, Jianji Pan¹, Shaojun Lin¹

Affiliation

¹ Department of Radiation Oncology, Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian, People's Republic of China.

Abstract

Background and aim: To evaluate the impact of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube on nutritional status, treatment-related toxicity, and treatment tolerance in patients with locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who underwent chemoradiotherapy.

Patients and methods: We enrolled 133 consecutive non-metastatic NPC (III/IV stage) patients, who were treated with prophylactic PEG feeding before the initiation of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) between June 1, 2010 and June 30, 2014. Meanwhile, another 133 non-PEG patients, who were matched for age, gender, and tumor, node, metastases stage, were selected as historical control cohort. Weight and nutritional status changes from pre-radiotherapy to the end of radiotherapy were evaluated, and treatment tolerance and related acute toxicities were analyzed as well.

Results: We found that significantly more patients (91.73%) in the PEG group could finish two cycles of CCRT, when compared with those in the non-PEG group (57.89%) (P<0.001). We also indicated that more patients (50.38%) in the non-PEG group experienced weight loss of ≥5%, while the phenomenon was only found in 36.09% patients in the PEG group (P=0.019). In addition, the percentage of patients who lost ≥10% of their weight was similar in these two groups. Changes in albumin and prealbumin levels during radiotherapy in the non-PEG group were higher than those obtained for the PEG group with significant differences (P-values of 0.023 and <0.001, respectively). Furthermore, patients in the PEG group had significantly lower incidence of grade III acute mucositis than those in the non-PEG group (22.56% vs 36.84%, P=0.011). Tube-related complications occurred only in 14 (10.53%) patients in the PEG group, including incision infection of various degrees.

Conclusion: PEG and intensive nutrition support may help to minimize body weight loss, maintain nutritional status, and offer better treatment tolerance for patients with locally advanced NPC who underwent CCRT.

Keywords: chemoradiotherapy; locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma; nutritional status; percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy; treatment-related toxicity.