Some neurons and surrounding satellite cells in human dorsal root ganglia were immunostained with rabbit IgM antibody against the ganglioside fucosyl GM1. They were not immunostained with the anti-GM1 antiserum. Immunohistochemical discrimination of neurons in human dorsal root ganglia by the anti-fucosyl GM1 antibody may give us an important clue to the functional identification of neurons conveying different modalities of sensation.