Effectiveness of acellular pertussis vaccination during childhood (<7 years of age) for preventing pertussis in household contacts 1-9 years old in Catalonia and Navarra (Spain)

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2016 Dec;35(12):2059-2067. doi: 10.1007/s10096-016-2766-x. Epub 2016 Sep 9.

Abstract

Pertussis vaccination with 4-5 doses of acellular vaccines is recommended in Spain to all children at 2 months to 6 years of age. The effectiveness of the acellular pertussis vaccination was assessed in this study by comparing the incidence of secondary pertussis in vaccinated (4-5 doses) and unvaccinated or partially vaccinated (0-3 doses) household contacts 1-9 years old of confirmed cases of pertussis in Spain in 2012-13. Eighty-five percent of contacts had been vaccinated with 4-5 doses of acellular pertussis vaccines. During the 2-year study period, 64 cases of secondary pertussis were detected among 405 household contacts 1-9 years old: 47 among vaccinated and 17 among unvaccinated or partially vaccinated contacts. The effectiveness for preventing secondary pertussis, calculated as 1 minus the relative risk (RR) of secondary pertussis in vaccinated vs. unvaccinated/partially vaccinated contacts, was 50 % [95 % confidence interval (CI): 19-69 %, p < 0.01] when household contacts were vaccinated using DTaP, Tdap, hexavalent or heptavalent vaccines, and it was 51.3 % (95 % CI: 21-70 %, p < 0.01) when they were vaccinated using DTaP or TdaP vaccines. The effectiveness adjusted for age, sex, pertussis chemotherapy and type of household contact was 58.6 % (95 % CI: 17-79 %, p < 0.05) when contacts were vaccinated using available acellular vaccines, and it was 59.6 % (95 % CI: 18-80 %, p < 0.01) when they were vaccinated using DTaP vaccines. Acellular pertussis vaccination during childhood was effective for preventing secondary pertussis in household contacts 1-9 years old of pertussis cases in Catalonia and Navarra, Spain.

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Disease Transmission, Infectious / prevention & control*
  • Family Characteristics
  • Family Health*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunization Schedule*
  • Incidence
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Pertussis Vaccine / administration & dosage*
  • Pertussis Vaccine / immunology
  • Spain / epidemiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vaccines, Acellular / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Acellular / immunology
  • Whooping Cough / epidemiology*
  • Whooping Cough / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Pertussis Vaccine
  • Vaccines, Acellular