The improved survival of patients with AML over the last 20-30 years can be attributed both to advances in cytotoxic therapy and in supportive care and up to 25% of responders may be cured. Nevertheless, most patients with AML eventually relapse and ultimately die from resistant leukaemia and up to 30% fail to attain initial complete remission (CR). This annotation reviews current therapeutic options in relapsed and refractory AML in adults.
Keywords: Acute myeloid leukaemia; refractory; relapsed.