The flower of Edgeworthia gardneri (wall.) Meisn. suppresses adipogenesis through modulation of the AMPK pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes

J Ethnopharmacol. 2016 Sep 15:191:379-386. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.06.059. Epub 2016 Jun 25.

Abstract

Ethnopharmacological relevance: The flower of Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn., locally named "Lvluohua, ", has been widely used as Tibetan folk medicine for the treatment of metabolic diseases for a long time.

Aim of this study: To evaluate the anti-adipogenesis effect of ethyl acetate extract of the flower of E. gardneri (EEG extract) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Materials and methods: Obesity-related parameters such as lipid accumulation and TG content were determined by Oil red O staining and enzymatic kit, respectively. Western blotting was used to determine the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α (C/EBPα), phosphorylated adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). Moreover, main constituents of EEG extract were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

Results: EEG extract decreased the lipid and triglyceride (TG) accumulations during the differentiation process and down-regulated the adipogenesis-related transcriptional factors PPARγ and C/EBPα. EEG extract treatment increased AMPK and ACC phosphorylation. In addition, pretreatment with AMPK inhibitor, weakened the inhibitory effects of EEG extract on the expressions of PPARγand C/EBPα. HPLC analysis indicated that tiliroside was the main constituent in EEG extract.

Conclusions: These results suggest that EEG extract may exert anti-adipogenic effects through modulation of the AMPK signaling pathway.

Keywords: 3T3-L1 adipocytes; AMPK; Astragalin (PubChem CID: 5282102); Daphnoretin (PubChem CID: 5281406); Edgeworthia gardneri; Obesity; Tiliroside (PubChem CID: 5320686).

MeSH terms

  • 3T3-L1 Cells
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism*
  • Acetates / chemistry
  • Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / metabolism
  • Adipocytes / drug effects*
  • Adipocytes / enzymology
  • Adipogenesis / drug effects*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Obesity Agents / isolation & purification
  • Anti-Obesity Agents / pharmacology*
  • CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Flavonoids / isolation & purification
  • Flavonoids / pharmacology
  • Flowers / chemistry*
  • Mice
  • PPAR gamma / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Phytotherapy
  • Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Plants, Medicinal
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Solvents / chemistry
  • Thymelaeaceae / chemistry*
  • Triglycerides / metabolism

Substances

  • Acetates
  • Anti-Obesity Agents
  • CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins
  • CEBPA protein, mouse
  • Flavonoids
  • PPAR gamma
  • Plant Extracts
  • Solvents
  • Triglycerides
  • tiliroside
  • ethyl acetate
  • AMP-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase