Context: Bile rather than blood depicts the local inflammation in the liver and may improve prediction and diagnosis of acute cellular rejection (ACR) after liver transplantation (OLT).
Methods: Secretome and miRNAs were analyzed during the first two weeks and on clinical suspicion of ACR in the bile of 45 OLT recipients.
Results: Levels of CD44, CXCL9, miR-122, miR-133a, miR-148a and miR-194 were significantly higher in bile of patients who developed ACR within the first 6 months after OLT and during ACR.
Conclusion: Analysis of secretome and miRNA in bile could improve our understanding of the local inflammatory process during rejection.
Keywords: Immunosuppression; personalized medicine; risk stratification.