Platycodin D induced apoptosis and autophagy in PC-12 cells through mitochondrial dysfunction pathway

Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2016 Nov 5:168:199-205. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.06.005. Epub 2016 Jun 7.

Abstract

In this article, the in vitro cytotoxicity of platycodin D was evaluated in human PC-12, SGC-7901, BEL-7402, HeLa and A549 cancer cell lines. PC-12 cells were sensitive to platycodin D treatment, with an IC50 value of 13.5±1.2μM. Morphological and comet assays showed that platycodin D effectively induced apoptosis in PC-12 cells. Platycodin D increased the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induced a decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Platycodin D induced cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase in the PC-12 cell line. Platycodin D can induce autophagy. In addition, platycodin D can down-regulate the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x, and up-regulate the levels of Bid protein in the PC-12 cells. The results demonstrated that platycodin D induced PC-12 cell apoptosis through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway.

Keywords: Apoptosis; Autophagy; Cytotoxicity in vitro; Platycodin D; ROS.

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / pharmacology*
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Autophagy / drug effects*
  • Campanulaceae / chemistry
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints / drug effects
  • Cell Line
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / drug effects
  • Mitochondria / drug effects*
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitochondria / pathology
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Neoplasms / pathology
  • PC12 Cells
  • Rats
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Saponins / chemistry
  • Saponins / pharmacology*
  • Triterpenes / chemistry
  • Triterpenes / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Saponins
  • Triterpenes
  • platycodin D