Objective: To describe two cases of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus (PVL-SA) necrotizing pneumonia treated with ECMO, and complete pulmonary evaluation at six months.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of two patients presenting with severe PVL-SA pneumonia who both underwent complete respiratory function testing and chest CT scan six months after hospital discharge.
Results: Indications for ECMO were refractory hypoxia and left ventricular dysfunction associated with right ventricular dilatation. Patients were weaned off ECMO after 52 and 5 days. No ECMO-related hemorrhagic complication was observed. Pulmonary function tests performed at six months were normal and the CT scan showed complete regression of pulmonary injuries.
Conclusion: PVL-SA pneumonia is characterized by extensive parenchymal injuries, including necrotic and hemorrhagic complications. ECMO may be used as a salvage treatment without any associated hemorrhagic complication, provided anticoagulant therapy is carefully monitored, and may lead to complete pulmonary recovery at six months.
Keywords: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; ECMO; Panton-Valentine leukocidin-producing Staphylococcus aureus; Pneumopathie à Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcal pneumonia; Staphylococcus aureus producteur de la leucocidine de Panton-Valentine; Syndrome de détresse respiratoire aiguë.
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