Elusive treatment for human rhinosporidiosis

Int J Infect Dis. 2016 Jul:48:3-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.04.013. Epub 2016 Apr 21.

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to clarify the contentious taxonomic classification of Rhinosporidium seeberi, the cause of human rhinosporidiosis, which may have treatment implications.

Methods: PCR was used to amplify the internal transcribed spacer (ITS)-2 region from the genomic DNA of the aetiological agent obtained from a sample of human rhinosporidiosis lesions. The amplicon was sequenced and the organism identified using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tools (BLAST).

Results: Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the aetiological agent clustered along with the R. seeberi isolated from humans and also with Amphibiocystidium ranae from frogs. This organism is a member of the order Dermocystida in the class Mesomycetozoea. A patient with disseminated rhinosporidiosis did not respond to conventional therapy with dapsone and surgical excision, and treatment with amphotericin B also proved futile.

Conclusion: An effective treatment for R. seeberi-a eukaryote belonging to the class Mesomycetozoea-is still elusive.

Keywords: Amphotericin B; Mesomycetozoea; Rhinosporidiosis; Rhinosporidium seeberi.

MeSH terms

  • Amphotericin B / administration & dosage
  • Animals
  • Antiparasitic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Humans
  • Phylogeny
  • Rhinosporidiosis / drug therapy*
  • Rhinosporidiosis / parasitology
  • Rhinosporidium / classification
  • Rhinosporidium / drug effects*
  • Rhinosporidium / genetics
  • Rhinosporidium / isolation & purification

Substances

  • Antiparasitic Agents
  • Amphotericin B