Mortality rates by occupation in Korea: a nationwide, 13-year follow-up study

Occup Environ Med. 2016 May;73(5):329-35. doi: 10.1136/oemed-2015-103192. Epub 2016 Feb 26.

Abstract

Objective: The present study sought to identify inequalities in cause-specific mortality across different occupational groups in Korea.

Methods: The cohort included Korean workers enrolled in the national employment insurance programme between 1995 and 2000. Mortality was determined by matching death between 1995 and 2009 according to a nationwide registry of the Korea National Statistical Office. The cohort was divided into nine occupational groups according to the Korean Standard Occupational Classification (KSOC). Age-standardised mortality rates of each subcohort were calculated.

Results: The highest age-standardised mortality rate was identified in KSOC 6 (agricultural, forestry and fishery workers; male (M): 563.0 per 100 000, female (F): 206.0 per 100 000), followed by KSOC 9 (elementary occupations; M: 499.0, F: 163.4) and KSOC 8 (plant, machine operators and assemblers; M: 380.3, F: 157.8). The lowest rate occurred in KSOC 2 (professionals and related workers; M: 209.1, F: 93.3). Differences in mortality rates between KSOC 2 and KSOC 9 (M: 289.9, F: 70.1) and the rate ratio of KSCO9 to KSCO2 (M: 2.39, F: 1.75) were higher in men. The most prominent mortality rate difference was observed in external causes of death (M: 96.9, F: 21.6) and liver disease in men (38.3 per 100 000). Mental disease showed the highest rate ratio (M: 6.31, F: 13.00).

Conclusions: Substantial differences in mortality rates by occupation were identified. Main causes of death were injury, suicide and male liver disease. Development of policies to support occupations linked with a lower socioeconomic position should be prioritised.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cause of Death*
  • Employment*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Liver Diseases / mortality*
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / mortality
  • Middle Aged
  • Occupations*
  • Republic of Korea / epidemiology
  • Sex Factors
  • Social Class
  • Suicide*
  • Work*
  • Wounds and Injuries / mortality*
  • Young Adult