Selection of Taste Markers Related to Lactic Acid Bacteria Microflora Metabolism for Chinese Traditional Paocai: A Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics Approach

J Agric Food Chem. 2016 Mar 23;64(11):2415-22. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05332. Epub 2016 Mar 14.

Abstract

Traditional paocai brine (PB) is continuously propagated by back-slopping and contains numerous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains. Although PB is important for the quality of paocai (Chinese sauerkraut), the taste features, taste-related compounds of PB-paocai and the effects of LAB communities from PB on the taste compounds remain unclear. An electronic tongue was used to evaluate the taste features of 13 PB-paocai samples. Umami, saltiness, bitterness, sweetness, and aftertaste astringency were the main taste features of PB-paocai. A total of 14 compounds were identified as discriminant taste markers for PB-paocai via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based multimarker profiling. A LAB co-culture (Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus buchneri, and Pediococcus ethanoliduran) from PB could significantly increase glutamic acid (umami), sucrose (sweetness), glycine (sweetness), lactic acid (sourness), and γ-aminobutyric acid in PB-paocai, which would endow it with important flavor features. Such features could then facilitate starter screening and fermentation optimization to produce paocai-related foods with better nutritional and sensory qualities.

Keywords: GC−MS; lactic acid bacteria; metabolomics; paocai; paocai brine; taste.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / analysis*
  • Fermentation
  • Food Handling / methods
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Glutamic Acid / analysis
  • Glycine / analysis
  • Lactic Acid / analysis
  • Lactobacillus / isolation & purification
  • Lactobacillus / metabolism*
  • Metabolomics
  • Pediococcus / metabolism
  • Salts
  • Sucrose / analysis
  • Taste*
  • Vegetables / chemistry
  • Vegetables / microbiology*
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / analysis

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Salts
  • brine
  • Lactic Acid
  • Glutamic Acid
  • gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
  • Sucrose
  • Glycine