Chromosome misalignments induce spindle-positioning defects

EMBO Rep. 2016 Mar;17(3):317-25. doi: 10.15252/embr.201541143. Epub 2016 Feb 4.

Abstract

Cortical pulling forces on astral microtubules are essential to position the spindle. These forces are generated by cortical dynein, a minus-end directed motor. Previously, another dynein regulator termed Spindly was proposed to regulate dynein-dependent spindle positioning. However, the mechanism of how Spindly regulates spindle positioning has remained elusive. Here, we find that the misalignment of chromosomes caused by Spindly depletion is directly provoking spindle misorientation. Chromosome misalignments induced by CLIP-170 or CENP-E depletion or by noscapine treatment are similarly accompanied by severe spindle-positioning defects. We find that cortical LGN is actively displaced from the cortex when misaligned chromosomes are in close proximity. Preventing the KT recruitment of Plk1 by the depletion of PBIP1 rescues cortical LGN enrichment near misaligned chromosomes and re-establishes proper spindle orientation. Hence, KT-enriched Plk1 is responsible for the negative regulation of cortical LGN localization. In summary, we uncovered a compelling molecular link between chromosome alignment and spindle orientation defects, both of which are implicated in tumorigenesis.

Keywords: LGN; PLK1; chromosome misalignment; micropatterning; spindle positioning.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism
  • Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / metabolism
  • Chromosome Pairing*
  • Chromosome Positioning*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
  • Neoplasm Proteins / metabolism
  • Polo-Like Kinase 1
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / metabolism
  • Spindle Apparatus / metabolism*
  • Spindle Apparatus / ultrastructure

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone
  • GPSM2 protein, human
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Microtubule-Associated Proteins
  • Neoplasm Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • SPDL1 protein, human
  • centromere protein E
  • cytoplasmic linker protein 170
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases