Deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is one of the most common complications after total joint replacement, which is also one of the most concerned problems for clinicians. Domestic research data shows that the incidence of DVT in patients without thrombotic prophylaxis after joint replacement surgery are 20.6%-40.0%. The occurrence mechanism of DVT is explained by the Virchow theory, that is blood stasis, the blood vessel wall damage and blood coagulation state. The diagnostic rate of DVT is not satisfactory. The diagnosis of symptomatic DVT depends mainly on clinical symptoms and auxiliary examination. The diagnosis of asymptomatic DVT is mainly based on the auxiliary examination. The prevention and treatment of DVT after artificial joint replacement is currently mainly concentrated in the aspects of new oral anticoagulant agents, drug prevention method, and time limit.