Systemic Therapies for Advanced Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2016 Feb;30(1):119-33. doi: 10.1016/j.hoc.2015.09.005. Epub 2015 Oct 23.

Abstract

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors are an uncommon tumor type and compose 1% to 2% of all pancreatic neoplasms. They are rarely localized at presentation and are typically diagnosed in the presence of metastatic disease. The management poses a significant challenge because of the heterogeneous clinical presentations and varying degrees of aggressiveness. A variety of systemic therapies have been developed for the management of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, including somatostatin analogues, a select group of cytotoxic chemotherapy agents, and targeted or biological agents. This article reviews the available systemic therapy options for advanced pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

Keywords: Carcinoid tumors; Everolimus; Lanreotide; Neuroendocrine tumors; Octreotide; Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors; Sunitinib.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Targeted Therapy / methods*
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / drug therapy*
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / metabolism
  • Neuroendocrine Tumors / pathology
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Somatostatin / analogs & derivatives
  • Somatostatin / therapeutic use
  • Survival Analysis
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / metabolism

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
  • Somatostatin
  • MTOR protein, human
  • TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases