Low total cholesterol and high total bilirubin are associated with prognosis in patients with prolonged sepsis

J Crit Care. 2016 Feb;31(1):36-40. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2015.09.033. Epub 2015 Oct 17.

Abstract

Purpose: Nutritional biochemical indexes are generally used as markers for critically ill patients. However, they are easily influenced by acute phase changes after injury and are difficult to use as common and practical biomarkers. The objective of this study was to determine the most valuable prognostic markers among 15 common laboratory tests in patients with sepsis.

Methods: We included all sepsis patients who stayed in the intensive care unit for more than 2 weeks. We evaluated 15 biochemistry indexes including serum albumin, total protein, C-reactive protein, cholinesterase, total cholesterol (T-Cho), triglyceride, sodium, potassium, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total bilirubin (T-Bil), and prothrombin time. The minimum and maximum values of these indexes during the first 14 days from admission were analyzed by classification and regression tree and multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results: This study comprised 91 patients with sepsis. The primary split was the minimum value of serum T-Cho (T-Cho (Min)), and the cutoff value was 73.5 mg/dL by classification and regression tree analysis. The second split was the maximum value of T-Bil (T-Bil (Max)), and the cutoff value was 1.35 mg/dL. The rate of mortality was 63% (17/27) in the group with T-Cho (Min) less than 73.5 mg/dL and T-Bil (Max) greater than 1.35 mg/dL. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that T-Cho (Min) and T-Bil (Max) were the biomarkers most closely associated with prognosis.

Conclusions: Total cholesterol and T-Bil could be associated with prognosis in patients with sepsis.

Keywords: Bilirubin; Biomarker; Cholesterol; Classification and regression tree; Nutrition; Sepsis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • APACHE
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Alanine Transaminase
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood
  • Bilirubin / blood*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Proteins
  • Blood Urea Nitrogen
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Cholesterol / blood*
  • Cholinesterases / blood
  • Creatinine / blood
  • Critical Illness / mortality*
  • Dyslipidemias / epidemiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperbilirubinemia / epidemiology*
  • Intensive Care Units
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / blood
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Potassium / blood
  • Prognosis
  • Prothrombin Time
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Sepsis / blood
  • Sepsis / mortality*
  • Serum Albumin / analysis
  • Sodium / blood
  • Triglycerides / blood

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Proteins
  • Serum Albumin
  • Triglycerides
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Cholesterol
  • Sodium
  • Creatinine
  • L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases
  • Alanine Transaminase
  • Cholinesterases
  • Bilirubin
  • Potassium