Ventricular antitachycardia pacing therapy in patients with heart failure implanted with a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator device: Efficacy, safety, and impact on mortality

Heart Rhythm. 2016 Feb;13(2):472-80. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2015.10.022. Epub 2015 Oct 23.

Abstract

Background: Cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator can terminate ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fast VT (FVT) via antitachycardia pacing (ATP).

Objectives: We evaluated efficacy and safety of ATP, whether ATP induces ventricular arrhythmias after inappropriate ATP or atrial fibrillation (AF) after appropriate ATP, and whether ATP is associated with mortality.

Methods: A total of 1404 patients with a cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator were followed in a prospective multicenter observational research. All-cause mortality rates were estimated in patient subgroups in order to uncouple the trigger (VT/FVT or other rhythms causing inappropriate detections) from ATP therapy.

Results: Over a median follow-up of 31 months, 2938 VT/FVT episodes were treated with ATP in 360 patients. The adjusted ATP success rate was 63% (95% confidence interval [CI] 57%-69%) on FVTs and 68% (95% CI 62%-74%) on VTs. Acceleration occurred in 55 (1.87%) and syncope in 4 (0.14%) of all ATP-treated episodes. In 14 true VT/FVT episodes in 5 patients, AF followed ATP therapy. In 4 episodes in 2 patients, VT followed ATP inappropriately applied during AF. Death rate per 100 patient-years was 5.6 (95% CI 4.3-7.5) in patients with appropriate ATP and 1.5 (95% CI 0.4-6.1) in patients with inappropriate ATP (P = .045).

Conclusion: ATP was effective in terminating VT/FVT episodes and displayed a good safety profile. ATP therapies by themselves did not increase death risk; prognosis was indeed better in patients without arrhythmic episodes, even if they received inappropriate ATP, than in patients with ATP on VT/FVT episodes. Adverse outcomes observed in patients receiving implantable cardioverter-defibrillator therapies are probably related to the arrhythmia itself, a marker of disease progression, rather than to adverse effects of ATP.

Keywords: Antitachycardia pacing therapy (ATP); Death; Implantable cardioverter-defibrillators; Safety.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / etiology
  • Atrial Fibrillation* / prevention & control
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices / adverse effects*
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy* / adverse effects
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy* / methods
  • Disease Progression
  • Equipment Failure Analysis / methods
  • Female
  • Heart Failure* / complications
  • Heart Failure* / diagnosis
  • Heart Failure* / mortality
  • Heart Failure* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Italy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular* / etiology
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular* / mortality
  • Tachycardia, Ventricular* / prevention & control
  • Treatment Outcome