PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in gastrointestinal malignancies

Cancer Treat Rev. 2015 Dec;41(10):893-903. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.09.004. Epub 2015 Sep 21.

Abstract

Immunotherapy represents a major breakthrough in cancer therapy in recent years. Immune-checkpoint blockade using PD-1 and PD-L1 antibodies appears to be one of the most promising immunotherapy approaches. Immunotherapy differs from conventional cancer treatment because of its ability to produce durable responses in some patients. In this review article, we explore the available evidence and summarise current clinical trials for PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in gastrointestinal malignancies. The challenge now is to develop strategies to increase the efficacy of PD-1 and PD-L1 blockade in gastrointestinal cancer patients, such as combination therapy with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or other immunotherapy, along with validating biomarkers to select patients and personalise treatment.

Keywords: Gastrointestinal cancer; Immune checkpoint blockade; Immunotherapy; PD-1; PD-L1; Programmed death.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / drug therapy*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • B7-H1 Antigen / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Cell Cycle Checkpoints
  • Colorectal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use*
  • Nivolumab
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / drug therapy

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • B7-H1 Antigen
  • Immunologic Factors
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
  • durvalumab
  • Nivolumab
  • atezolizumab
  • pembrolizumab