Migrated Avalon Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannula: How to Adjust Without Interruption of Flow

J Card Surg. 2015 Nov;30(11):865-8. doi: 10.1111/jocs.12629. Epub 2015 Sep 11.

Abstract

The Avalon dual lumen cannula is presently the cannula of choice for veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) via right internal jugular cannulation. This cannula establishes VV-ECMO with a single cannulation; however, it requires appropriate positioning to gain adequate oxygenation. Malposition of this cannula can cause inadequate ECMO flow, hypoxia, and structural injury. We have experienced two cases of migration: one into the hepatic vein and the other into the right ventricle. The former was repositioned using echocardiographic guidance without using a guidewire. The latter was repositioned using a guidewire from the femoral vein under fluoroscopy, without antegrade wire placement into the Avalon cannula, discontinuation of ECMO, or bleeding.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Catheterization / methods*
  • Catheters / adverse effects*
  • Echocardiography
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / adverse effects*
  • Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / instrumentation*
  • Female
  • Femoral Vein
  • Fluoroscopy
  • Foreign-Body Migration / etiology*
  • Foreign-Body Migration / therapy*
  • Heart Ventricles
  • Hepatic Veins
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Vena Cava, Inferior
  • Young Adult