Factors associated with hospital admission after rotator cuff repair: the role of peripheral nerve blockade

Abstract

Study objective: The objective was to analyze the impact of a peripheral nerve block in addition to general anesthesia on hospital admission after surgical rotator cuff repair.

Design: This was a population-based outcome study. The cost effectiveness of ambulatory rotator cuff repair relies on the discharge of patients on the day of surgery. As the impact of a peripheral nerve block in addition to general anesthesia on this outcome is unknown, we sought to elucidate this subject using population-based data.

Patients and methods: Information on patients undergoing rotator cuff surgery under general anesthesia with or without the addition of a peripheral nerve block (GN vs G) from a retrospective database provided by Premier Perspective, Inc, Charlotte, NC (http://www.premierinc.com), was analyzed. Using multilevel multivariable regressions, we evaluated the independent impact of the type of anesthesia on the outcomes hospital admission, combined major complications, and increased hospital costs.

Results: We identified 27,201 patients who underwent surgical rotator cuff repair. Approximately 89% (24,240) of patients were discharged on the day of surgery, whereas 11% (2961) were admitted to the hospital. The admission rates for the GN group were 9.1% and 11.2% for the G group (P=.0001). The multivariable regression models showed that patients with the addition of a peripheral nerve block had 18% less risk of being admitted to the hospital (relative risk [RR]=0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74-0.91; P=.0003) compared with those without this intervention. Differences in risk for combined major complications (RR=1.00; 95% CI, 0.83-1.20; P=.9751) or increased hospital costs (RR=0.97; 95% CI, 0.93-1.02; P=.2538) were nonsignificant.

Discussion: For patients undergoing surgical rotator cuff repair under general anesthesia, the addition of a peripheral nerve block may be associated with a reduction in the need for postoperative hospital admission after ambulatory surgery. Although the reason for this finding has to remain speculative, better pain control may play a role.

Keywords: Cost effectiveness; Hospital admission; Peripheral nerve block; Regional anesthesia; Rotator cuff repair.