The standardized Lycium chinense fruit extract protects against Alzheimer's disease in 3xTg-AD mice

J Ethnopharmacol. 2015 Aug 22:172:85-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.026. Epub 2015 Jun 20.

Abstract

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. This disease is a progressive and irreversible brain disorder accompanied with severe learning and memory impairment. This study investigated whether treatment with standardized Lycii Fructus Extract (LFE) would improve the cognitive function and the pathological features of AD in 3xTg-AD mice.

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Lycii Fructus is a fruit of Lycium chinense Miller and widely distributed in East Asia and has been used traditionally for anti-aging purposes.

Materials and methods: The cognitive function of 3xTg-AD mice was assessed using the Morris water maze test. The levels of the amyloid beta deposits and NeuN in the hippocampus were evaluated with immunohistochemistry. Brain neurotrophic derived factor (BDNF) and tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) expressions were examined by western blot analysis.

Results: LFE treatment significantly ameliorated learning and memory deficits in AD mice, as shown by increased time spent in the target zone during probe tests. In addition, LFE significantly decreased Aβ deposits, increased NeuN-positive cells, and upregulated the expression of BDNF and TrkB in the 3xTg AD mice.

Conclusions: The present study suggests that LFE treatment can be a useful strategy for treating memory impairment induced by several neurodegenerative diseases.

Keywords: 3xTg mice; Alzheimer׳s disease; BDNF; Lycii Fructus; Morris water maze; TrkB.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease / complications
  • Alzheimer Disease / drug therapy*
  • Alzheimer Disease / prevention & control
  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Animals
  • Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / metabolism
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Fruit / chemistry*
  • Hippocampus / metabolism
  • Lycium / chemistry*
  • Maze Learning / drug effects
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
  • Memory Disorders / complications
  • Memory Disorders / drug therapy*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins / metabolism
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology
  • Plant Extracts / therapeutic use*
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / metabolism
  • Up-Regulation / drug effects

Substances

  • Amyloid beta-Peptides
  • Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Nerve Tissue Proteins
  • NeuN protein, mouse
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Plant Extracts
  • Ntrk2 protein, mouse
  • Protein-Tyrosine Kinases