Isolation and characterization of a newly identified impurity in methamphetamine synthesized via reductive amination of 1-phenyl-2-propanone (P2P) made from phenylacetic acid/lead (II) acetate

Drug Test Anal. 2017 Mar;9(3):453-461. doi: 10.1002/dta.1814. Epub 2015 Jun 1.

Abstract

A trace processing impurity found in certain methamphetamine exhibits was isolated and identified as trans-N-methyl-4-methyl-5-phenyl-4-penten-2-amine hydrochloride (1). It was determined that this impurity was produced via reductive amination of trans-4-methyl-5-phenyl-4-penten-2-one (4), which was one of a cluster of related ketones generated during the synthesis of 1-phenyl-2-propanone (P2P) from phenylacetic acid and lead (II) acetate. This two-step sequence resulted in methamphetamine containing elevated levels of 1. In contrast, methamphetamine produced from P2P made by other methods produced insignificant (ultra-trace or undetectable) amounts of 1. These results confirm that 1 is a synthetic marker compound for the phenylacetic acid and lead (II) acetate method. Analytical data for 1 and 4, and a postulated mechanism for the production of 4, are presented. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Keywords: 1-phenyl-2-propanone; Dakin-West; forensic chemistry; impurity profiling; lead (II) acetate; methamphetamine; phenylacetic acid; synthetic marker.

MeSH terms

  • Acetone / analogs & derivatives*
  • Acetone / chemical synthesis
  • Acetone / chemistry
  • Amination
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / chemical synthesis*
  • Central Nervous System Stimulants / chemistry
  • Drug Contamination*
  • Illicit Drugs / chemical synthesis*
  • Illicit Drugs / chemistry
  • Methamphetamine / chemical synthesis*
  • Methamphetamine / chemistry
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemical synthesis
  • Organometallic Compounds / chemistry*
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Phenylacetates / chemical synthesis
  • Phenylacetates / chemistry*

Substances

  • Central Nervous System Stimulants
  • Illicit Drugs
  • Organometallic Compounds
  • Phenylacetates
  • Acetone
  • Methamphetamine
  • 1-phenyl-2-propanone
  • lead acetate