Concurrent Acute Necrotizing Adenovirus Hepatitis and Enterocolitis in an Adult Patient After Double Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplant for Refractory Crohn's Disease

Int J Surg Pathol. 2015 Aug;23(5):404-8. doi: 10.1177/1066896915587758. Epub 2015 May 20.

Abstract

It has been recently recognized that adenovirus is a pathogen with high morbidity and mortality among immunocompromised patients, particularly after solid organ or stem cell transplant. Confluent necrotizing hepatitis secondary to adenovirus infection alone or together with other organ involvement is extremely rare. There are only 32 cases of confluent necrotizing hepatitis reported in adults since 1960 and most occur after iatrogenic immunosuppression for bone marrow or solid organ transplantation or in other states of immunosuppression, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or chemotherapy treatment. We present the first case of concurrent adenovirus-induced necrotizing hepatitis and enterocolitis in an adult patient after double cord stem cell transplant for refractory Crohn's disease. Additionally, we report the imaging and morphologic findings and discuss the potential significance of morphology and immunohistochemistry as a practical approach for identifying adenovirus.

Keywords: Crohn’s disease; adenovirus; enterocolitis; hepatitis; stem cell transplant.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adenovirus Infections, Human / complications
  • Adenovirus Infections, Human / diagnosis
  • Adenovirus Infections, Human / immunology*
  • Adult
  • Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation*
  • Crohn Disease / therapy*
  • Enterocolitis / complications
  • Enterocolitis / diagnosis
  • Enterocolitis / immunology*
  • Enterocolitis / virology
  • Female
  • Hepatitis, Viral, Human / complications
  • Hepatitis, Viral, Human / diagnosis
  • Hepatitis, Viral, Human / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host*
  • Immunosuppression Therapy / adverse effects*